Class: Task

A meaningful participant paradigm, such as a task, resting-state protocol, stimulation, or passive viewing, performed in association with an acquisition. A Task record is required wherever the study models conditions, a resting-state protocol included. Acquisitions with no paradigm do not require one, even in a longitudinal or interventional study: a structural comparison across occasions is carried by the Effect's timepoint terms and linked through Analysis.acquisitions.

URI: neurostudy:Task

 classDiagram
    class Task
    click Task href "../Task/"
      Task : acquisitions





        Task --> "*" Acquisition : acquisitions
        click Acquisition href "../Acquisition/"



      Task : conditions





        Task --> "*" Condition : conditions
        click Condition href "../Condition/"



      Task : description

      Task : design_type

      Task : id

      Task : instructions

      Task : name

      Task : paradigm

      Task : paradigm_category

      Task : performance_measures

      Task : presentation_software

      Task : reference_ids

      Task : references

      Task : response_modality

      Task : stimuli

      Task : stimulus_content

      Task : stimulus_modality

      Task : variant_qualifiers





        Task --> "*" TaskQualifier : variant_qualifiers
        click TaskQualifier href "../TaskQualifier/"

Slots

Name	Cardinality and Range	Description	Inheritance
id	1 String		direct
name	0..1 String	Short, unique label for the task or paradigm; corresponds conceptually to BID...	direct
paradigm	0..1 String	The name with every qualifier that says how this version varies taken off and...	direct
paradigm_category	0..1 String	The paradigm this task is grouped under, decided by task normalization across...	direct
reference_ids	* String	references resolved to the works they cite, as DOIs or PMIDs, through the p...	direct
variant_qualifiers	* TaskQualifier	The words of name that paradigm leaves out, each with the axis it varies ...	direct
description	0..1 String	Complete narrative description of what participants experienced and did	direct
conditions	* Condition	The conditions this task was made of	direct
design_type	0..1 String or  DesignType	How the task's events were modelled in time	direct
acquisitions	* Acquisition	The acquisition protocols used to collect data for this task	direct
presentation_software	0..1 String	Stimulus-presentation software name, version, and operating system when repor...	direct
instructions	0..1 String	Task- or paradigm-specific instructions given to participants	direct
references	* String	Works the source cites for this task, exactly as it writes them: an author-ye...	direct
stimuli	* String	The materials presented to participants, in the source's own terms -- the sti...	direct
stimulus_content	* String	What the task's stimuli were about when that holds across all its conditions ...	direct
stimulus_modality	* String or  StimulusModality	The sensory channel the stimuli were delivered through	direct
response_modality	* String or  ResponseModality	How participants responded	direct
performance_measures	* String	Behavioral variables recorded and summaries used to verify task performance	direct

Usages

used by	used in	type	used
Analysis	tasks	range	Task
Study	tasks	range	Task

Identifier and Mapping Information

Schema Source

• from schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage

Mappings

Mapping Type	Mapped Value
self	neurostudy:Task
native	neurostudy:Task

LinkML Source

Direct

name: Task
description: 'A meaningful participant paradigm, such as a task, resting-state protocol,
  stimulation, or passive viewing, performed in association with an acquisition. A
  Task record is required wherever the study models conditions, a resting-state protocol
  included. Acquisitions with no paradigm do not require one, even in a longitudinal
  or interventional study: a structural comparison across occasions is carried by
  the Effect''s timepoint terms and linked through Analysis.acquisitions.'
from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage
rank: 1000
attributes:
  id:
    name: id
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - deterministic
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    identifier: true
    domain_of:
    - Arm
    - Timepoint
    - Group
    - Task
    - Condition
    - Assessment
    - Region
    - Acquisition
    - Device
    - Analysis
    - Measure
    - Preprocessing
    - ModelEstimation
    - ModelTerm
    - InferenceSettings
    - StatisticalMap
    - Table
    - CoordinateSet
    - Study
    range: string
    required: true
  name:
    name: name
    description: Short, unique label for the task or paradigm; corresponds conceptually
      to BIDS TaskName when applicable.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    domain_of:
    - Arm
    - Timepoint
    - Group
    - Task
    - Condition
    - Assessment
    - Region
    - Analysis
    - ModelTerm
    - ExternalDataset
    - PerformanceMetric
    range: string
  paradigm:
    name: paradigm
    description: 'The name with every qualifier that says how this version varies
      taken off and moved to its own field: `Stroop task` for an emotional Stroop
      task, `flanker task` for an auditory flanker task, `n-back task` for a food-picture
      n-back, `incentive delay task` for a monetary incentive delay task. The same
      as `name` when nothing qualifies it.

      This is the extractor''s split, made the same way in every paper. Whether the
      stem or the qualified name is the paradigm is not a fact one paper can state;
      it is decided across the corpus, in `paradigm_category`.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  paradigm_category:
    name: paradigm_category
    description: 'The paradigm this task is grouped under, decided by task normalization
      across the corpus rather than read from one paper. The stem in `paradigm` when
      the corpus shows it varied -- `Stroop task` once an emotional, a counting or
      an auditory Stroop appears beside it -- and the qualified name when that variant
      is the only form ever seen. Citations sharpen the call: tasks whose `reference_ids`
      lead back to the same originating paper belong to one lineage. An outside vocabulary
      such as the Cognitive Atlas is a noisy suggestion, filtered against the corpus,
      never the authority on which variants are paradigms.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - deterministic
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  reference_ids:
    name: reference_ids
    description: '`references` resolved to the works they cite, as DOIs or PMIDs,
      through the parsed paper''s reference list. What links a task to the paper that
      introduced it and to the adaptations that cite that paper, so a task''s lineage
      can be followed.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - deterministic
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  variant_qualifiers:
    name: variant_qualifiers
    description: 'The words of `name` that `paradigm` leaves out, each with the axis
      it varies the paradigm on. Each is also stated in its own field: a stimulus-content
      qualifier in `stimulus_content`, a modality qualifier in `stimulus_modality`
      or `response_modality`, a timing qualifier in `design_type`. Empty when `paradigm`
      equals `name`.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: TaskQualifier
    multivalued: true
    inlined_as_list: true
  description:
    name: description
    description: Complete narrative description of what participants experienced and
      did.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    domain_of:
    - StudyDesign
    - Arm
    - Group
    - Task
    - Condition
    - Assessment
    - Region
    - Preprocessing
    - StatisticalMap
    - Table
    - CoordinateSet
    - Study
    range: string
  conditions:
    name: conditions
    description: The conditions this task was made of. These are the different states/modes
      of the task.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    - FactorLevel
    range: Condition
    multivalued: true
    inlined_as_list: true
  design_type:
    name: design_type
    description: 'How the task''s events were modelled in time. Open vocabulary: write
      the source''s own wording in the field when nothing here fits.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    any_of:
    - range: DesignType
    - range: string
  acquisitions:
    name: acquisitions
    description: The acquisition protocols used to collect data for this task. Exclude
      structural scans unless they are part of the task itself.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    - Analysis
    - Study
    range: Acquisition
    multivalued: true
    inlined: false
  presentation_software:
    name: presentation_software
    description: Stimulus-presentation software name, version, and operating system
      when reported.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  instructions:
    name: instructions
    description: Task- or paradigm-specific instructions given to participants.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  references:
    name: references
    description: 'Works the source cites for this task, exactly as it writes them:
      an author-year citation or a bracketed reference number, kept in the source''s
      own punctuation. Copy the in-text citation; do not resolve, expand or look it
      up.

      Multivalued -- a task may cite the paradigm''s origin, an adaptation, and the
      stimulus set separately. Empty when the source cites nothing for the task.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  stimuli:
    name: stimuli
    description: The materials presented to participants, in the source's own terms
      -- the stimulus set, its name, how many items. One entry per distinct material;
      `stimulus_modality` carries the sensory channel.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  stimulus_content:
    name: stimulus_content
    description: 'What the task''s stimuli were about when that holds across all its
      conditions -- food pictures at every n-back load, emotional words throughout
      a Stroop -- which `Condition.stimulus_content` leaves unset because it does
      not tell the conditions apart. The task-level half of the stimulus facet: a
      meta-analysis can ask for food stimuli across paradigms, or for Stroop tasks
      across stimuli, without either question splitting the other.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    - Condition
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  stimulus_modality:
    name: stimulus_modality
    description: 'The sensory channel the stimuli were delivered through. Multivalued
      because a paradigm may use more than one -- a photograph with a spoken label.

      Often not stated in those words: a source naming IAPS, NimStim, Ekman faces
      or film clips has said `visual` without using the word. Inferring it from such
      a cue is intended, and the cue is what belongs in the evidence -- not the whole
      methods section.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    multivalued: true
    any_of:
    - range: StimulusModality
    - range: string
  response_modality:
    name: response_modality
    description: How participants responded. Multivalued because a paradigm often
      collects more than one -- a button press for accuracy and a spoken report afterwards.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    multivalued: true
    any_of:
    - range: ResponseModality
    - range: string
  performance_measures:
    name: performance_measures
    description: Behavioral variables recorded and summaries used to verify task performance.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true

Induced

name: Task
description: 'A meaningful participant paradigm, such as a task, resting-state protocol,
  stimulation, or passive viewing, performed in association with an acquisition. A
  Task record is required wherever the study models conditions, a resting-state protocol
  included. Acquisitions with no paradigm do not require one, even in a longitudinal
  or interventional study: a structural comparison across occasions is carried by
  the Effect''s timepoint terms and linked through Analysis.acquisitions.'
from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage
rank: 1000
attributes:
  id:
    name: id
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - deterministic
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    identifier: true
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Arm
    - Timepoint
    - Group
    - Task
    - Condition
    - Assessment
    - Region
    - Acquisition
    - Device
    - Analysis
    - Measure
    - Preprocessing
    - ModelEstimation
    - ModelTerm
    - InferenceSettings
    - StatisticalMap
    - Table
    - CoordinateSet
    - Study
    range: string
    required: true
  name:
    name: name
    description: Short, unique label for the task or paradigm; corresponds conceptually
      to BIDS TaskName when applicable.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Arm
    - Timepoint
    - Group
    - Task
    - Condition
    - Assessment
    - Region
    - Analysis
    - ModelTerm
    - ExternalDataset
    - PerformanceMetric
    range: string
  paradigm:
    name: paradigm
    description: 'The name with every qualifier that says how this version varies
      taken off and moved to its own field: `Stroop task` for an emotional Stroop
      task, `flanker task` for an auditory flanker task, `n-back task` for a food-picture
      n-back, `incentive delay task` for a monetary incentive delay task. The same
      as `name` when nothing qualifies it.

      This is the extractor''s split, made the same way in every paper. Whether the
      stem or the qualified name is the paradigm is not a fact one paper can state;
      it is decided across the corpus, in `paradigm_category`.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  paradigm_category:
    name: paradigm_category
    description: 'The paradigm this task is grouped under, decided by task normalization
      across the corpus rather than read from one paper. The stem in `paradigm` when
      the corpus shows it varied -- `Stroop task` once an emotional, a counting or
      an auditory Stroop appears beside it -- and the qualified name when that variant
      is the only form ever seen. Citations sharpen the call: tasks whose `reference_ids`
      lead back to the same originating paper belong to one lineage. An outside vocabulary
      such as the Cognitive Atlas is a noisy suggestion, filtered against the corpus,
      never the authority on which variants are paradigms.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - deterministic
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  reference_ids:
    name: reference_ids
    description: '`references` resolved to the works they cite, as DOIs or PMIDs,
      through the parsed paper''s reference list. What links a task to the paper that
      introduced it and to the adaptations that cite that paper, so a task''s lineage
      can be followed.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - deterministic
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  variant_qualifiers:
    name: variant_qualifiers
    description: 'The words of `name` that `paradigm` leaves out, each with the axis
      it varies the paradigm on. Each is also stated in its own field: a stimulus-content
      qualifier in `stimulus_content`, a modality qualifier in `stimulus_modality`
      or `response_modality`, a timing qualifier in `design_type`. Empty when `paradigm`
      equals `name`.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: TaskQualifier
    multivalued: true
    inlined: true
    inlined_as_list: true
  description:
    name: description
    description: Complete narrative description of what participants experienced and
      did.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - StudyDesign
    - Arm
    - Group
    - Task
    - Condition
    - Assessment
    - Region
    - Preprocessing
    - StatisticalMap
    - Table
    - CoordinateSet
    - Study
    range: string
  conditions:
    name: conditions
    description: The conditions this task was made of. These are the different states/modes
      of the task.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    - FactorLevel
    range: Condition
    multivalued: true
    inlined: true
    inlined_as_list: true
  design_type:
    name: design_type
    description: 'How the task''s events were modelled in time. Open vocabulary: write
      the source''s own wording in the field when nothing here fits.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    any_of:
    - range: DesignType
    - range: string
  acquisitions:
    name: acquisitions
    description: The acquisition protocols used to collect data for this task. Exclude
      structural scans unless they are part of the task itself.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    - Analysis
    - Study
    range: Acquisition
    multivalued: true
    inlined: false
  presentation_software:
    name: presentation_software
    description: Stimulus-presentation software name, version, and operating system
      when reported.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  instructions:
    name: instructions
    description: Task- or paradigm-specific instructions given to participants.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
  references:
    name: references
    description: 'Works the source cites for this task, exactly as it writes them:
      an author-year citation or a bracketed reference number, kept in the source''s
      own punctuation. Copy the in-text citation; do not resolve, expand or look it
      up.

      Multivalued -- a task may cite the paradigm''s origin, an adaptation, and the
      stimulus set separately. Empty when the source cites nothing for the task.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  stimuli:
    name: stimuli
    description: The materials presented to participants, in the source's own terms
      -- the stimulus set, its name, how many items. One entry per distinct material;
      `stimulus_modality` carries the sensory channel.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  stimulus_content:
    name: stimulus_content
    description: 'What the task''s stimuli were about when that holds across all its
      conditions -- food pictures at every n-back load, emotional words throughout
      a Stroop -- which `Condition.stimulus_content` leaves unset because it does
      not tell the conditions apart. The task-level half of the stimulus facet: a
      meta-analysis can ask for food stimuli across paradigms, or for Stroop tasks
      across stimuli, without either question splitting the other.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    - Condition
    range: string
    multivalued: true
  stimulus_modality:
    name: stimulus_modality
    description: 'The sensory channel the stimuli were delivered through. Multivalued
      because a paradigm may use more than one -- a photograph with a spoken label.

      Often not stated in those words: a source naming IAPS, NimStim, Ekman faces
      or film clips has said `visual` without using the word. Inferring it from such
      a cue is intended, and the cue is what belongs in the evidence -- not the whole
      methods section.'
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
    any_of:
    - range: StimulusModality
    - range: string
  response_modality:
    name: response_modality
    description: How participants responded. Multivalued because a paradigm often
      collects more than one -- a button press for accuracy and a spoken report afterwards.
    in_subset:
    - mvp
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true
    any_of:
    - range: ResponseModality
    - range: string
  performance_measures:
    name: performance_measures
    description: Behavioral variables recorded and summaries used to verify task performance.
    in_subset:
    - model_extracted
    from_schema: https://neurostuff.org/schemas/neuroimaging-study-storage/task
    rank: 1000
    owner: Task
    domain_of:
    - Task
    range: string
    multivalued: true